How Asthma Damages The Lungs? – Symptoms, Causes And Treatment

Asthma is a lung disease which develops due to narrowing of airways called bronchioles in our lungs. It is a condition in which exposure to certain chemicals or pollen cause overproduction of mucus in bronchioles, leading to severe cough and difficulty breathing. Asthma is a life-threatening condition which requires prompt treatment, or it may cause death of the patient.
Let’s know why and how is asthma happened?
Few people are allergic to certain chemicals and particles such as pollens due to unknown reason. These particles and chemicals are called allergens. Whenever allergic person exposure to allergens, these allergens enter the lungs and reach the bronchioles. As a result, bronchiole cells release chemoattractant chemicals that activate those immune cells that cause inflammation in the lungs. This leads to excessive secretion of mucus that could not move due to narrowing of airways and thus, affect inhalation and exhalation from lungs.
Symptoms
Symptoms of asthma include severe coughing, difficulty in breathing, tightness of chest muscles and chest pain etc.
Diagnoses and Treatment
To diagnose asthma, spirometry, methacholine and exhaled nitric oxide tests are performed. These tests measure inflow and outflow of air from lungs. Exhaled nitric oxide measures outflow of nitric oxide from the body, through lungs and if this outflow is high, it shows inflammation of airways.
Currently, there is no permanent treatment for asthma; however, some medicines can reduce the symptoms of asthma attack, which include airway muscle dilators means bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory medicines.

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